Before You Go: Visas and Entry Requirements
Most nationalities can obtain a tourist visa for Egypt either on arrival at Cairo International Airport or in advance through an e-visa system. The e-visa is strongly recommended — it's faster, avoids queues at the airport, and gives you certainty before you travel. Apply through the official Egyptian e-visa portal well before your departure date. Visa fees and eligibility vary by nationality, so check the current requirements for your country before booking.
Best Time to Visit Cairo
Cairo has a hot desert climate, which means the timing of your visit matters considerably:
| Season | Months | Conditions | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peak season | Oct – Feb | Mild, 15–25°C, low humidity | Best time to visit |
| Shoulder season | Mar – Apr, Sep | Warm, occasional sandstorms (khamsin) in spring | Good, but watch for dust storms |
| Off season | May – Aug | Very hot, 35–42°C, intense sun | Challenging but fewer crowds |
For most travellers, October through February offers the most comfortable conditions for sightseeing.
Getting Around Cairo
- Uber & Careem: The most reliable and transparent way to get around. Fares are fixed, there's no need to negotiate, and the apps work well across the city. Highly recommended for tourists.
- Cairo Metro: Cheap and surprisingly efficient for certain routes, particularly across central Cairo. Air-conditioned carriages make it a relief on hot days. Women-only carriages are available on every train.
- White taxis: Traditional metered taxis still operate but meters are not always used. Agree on a fare before getting in.
- Microbuses and buses: Very cheap and used by locals but not practical for most tourists due to language barriers and complex routes.
Money and Currency
Egypt's currency is the Egyptian Pound (EGP). ATMs are widely available in central Cairo and accept international cards, though fees may apply. Currency exchange offices are found throughout the city; hotel exchanges often offer less favourable rates. Carrying some cash is essential, as many smaller restaurants, market stalls, and entry fees at minor sites do not accept cards.
Tip: Keep small denomination notes handy for tipping, which is customary and expected for many services including restaurant staff, hotel porters, and washroom attendants.
Safety in Cairo
Cairo is generally a safe city for tourists, and the Egyptian hospitality culture means visitors are typically welcomed warmly. That said, standard travel precautions apply:
- Be alert to pickpockets in crowded areas like Khan el-Khalili and busy metro stations.
- Women travelling alone may experience unwanted attention in some areas. Dressing modestly (covering shoulders and knees) significantly reduces this.
- Road traffic in Cairo is chaotic — cross streets carefully and ideally with local pedestrians.
- Only use licensed taxis or app-based ride services.
- Keep a copy of your passport and visa separately from the originals.
What to Pack
- Clothing: Lightweight, breathable fabrics. Pack layers for cooler evenings in winter. Modest clothing (covering shoulders and knees) is respectful and practical.
- Sun protection: High-SPF sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat are essential year-round.
- Water bottle: A refillable bottle will save you money and reduce plastic waste.
- Comfortable walking shoes: Many of Cairo's historic sites involve walking on uneven stone surfaces.
- Power adapter: Egypt uses Type C and F plugs (European standard) at 220V.
Cultural Etiquette
Egypt is a predominantly Muslim country and cultural sensitivity goes a long way:
- Remove shoes before entering mosques and cover your head (for women). Scarves are often available at mosque entrances.
- During Ramadan, eating and drinking in public during daylight hours is disrespectful — be mindful of timing.
- Greet people with "As-salamu alaykum" (peace be upon you) — a smile and the effort to learn a few words of Arabic is universally appreciated.
- Always ask permission before photographing people.